Global Nexus Journal Of Multidisciplinary Research
Global Nexus Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (GNJMR) is a peer-reviewed, open-access international journal dedicated to advancing knowledge across diverse academic disciplines. It provides a platform for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to share innovative ideas, groundbreaking research, and practical solutions to complex global challenges. The journal emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration, bridging gaps between distinct fields to address emerging societal, technological, and scientific issues. More Details
Global Nexus Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (GNJMR) operates under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), allowing others to share and adapt the work non-commercially, as long as they credit the original creation. This policy fosters collaboration and accessibility, encouraging wider dissemination of research while respecting authors' rights.
Integrating Renewable Energy Installation Skills into Metalwork Technology Re-Skilling Programmes for Sustainable Development in Nigerian TVET Institutions
This study examined the integration of renewable energy installation skills into Metalwork Technology re-skilling programmes for sustainable development in Nigerian TVET institutions. A mixed-method research design was adopted. The population comprised educators and technicians in selected TVET institutions in South-South Nigeria. A sample of 240 respondents was selected using multistage sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and skill performance assessment checklist. Mean, standard deviation, and regression analysis were used for quantitative data, while thematic analysis was used for qualitative responses. Findings revealed that renewable energy re-skilling programmes significantly improved green production competencies, entrepreneurial intention, and sustainable fabrication practices. Participants demonstrated improved competencies in solar panel mounting fabrication, wind turbine component fabrication, and sustainable material utilization. Qualitative findings further showed increased confidence in local manufacturing, innovation, and green entrepreneurship. The study concludes that integrating renewable energy installation skills into Metalwork Technology re-skilling programmes can enhance workforce adaptability, promote sustainable development, and strengthen green industrialization in Nigeria. The study recommends curriculum revision, industry partnerships, and continuous professional development programmes for educators and technicians.
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Development of a Task Instruction Sheet in Cabbage Production for Youth Engagement and Empowerment in Agribusiness Ventures in Enugu State
The study focused on developing a task instruction sheet on cabbage production for youth engagement and empowerment in agribusiness ventures in Enugu State. Four research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted Research and Development (R&D) design. The phases in the R&D were adapted into four phases and used in this study. The study was carried out in Enugu State, Nigeria. The population for the study was 405 participants made up of 291 Agricultural Science teachers in public secondary schools (Enugu Sate Post Primary School Management Board) and 114 agricultural extension workers in Enugu State. The sample size for the study was 202 made of 145 Agricultural Science teachers in public secondary schools and 57 agricultural extension workers in Enugu State. The sample size was obtained using Taro Yamane formula. A 165 – item structured questionnaire titled “Development of Task Instruction Sheet in Cabbage Production (DOTISCP) was used for data collection. The questionnaire was face-validated by three experts from Department of Agricultural Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. To determine the internal consistency of the instrument, the questionnaire was trial tested on twenty-five (25) respondents from Ebonyi State, and the data generated from the pilot testing was analyzed using Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient which yielded a reliability of coefficient of 0.81 indicating that instrument was reliable. A total of 202 copies of the questionnaires were distributed to 202 respondents made up of 145 Agricultural Science teachers in public secondary schools 57 agricultural extension workers in Enugu State. This was carried out by the researcher and three research assistants. Data collected from the study was analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, t-test statistic. Finding identified among others 8 tasks in cabbage production that required instruction, 8 objectives of a task instruction sheet in cabbage production. It was therefore recommended that the agricultural extension agents should utilize the tasks in cabbage production identified in this study to develop training programmes for farmers
Enzyme Activity Pattern During Mycelial Growth and Fruiting Body Development of Pleurotus Florida
Pleurotus florida is an economically important edible mushroom whose growth and development are governed by complex biochemical processes. This study investigated the activities of selected enzymes, catalase, laccase, and peroxidase, during mycelial growth and fruiting body development of P. florida. The experiment was conducted in the research laboratory of the Department of Plant and Ecological Studies, University of Calabar, Nigeria. Enzyme activities were assayed in mycelial mats at 10, 20, and 30 days of growth, as well as in mature fruiting bodies. Results revealed significant variations in catalase activity across developmental stages, with peak activity recorded at the 30-day mycelial stage. Although numerical differences were observed in laccase and peroxidase activities, they were not statistically significant. The findings indicate that enzyme activity, particularly catalase, is influenced by the developmental stage of P. florida. Understanding enzyme dynamics in oyster mushroom cultivation contributes to environmentally sustainable food production and efficient utilization of agro-waste substrates.
Influence of Social Media Viral Short Films on Public Opinion among Nigerians
This study examined the influence of viral short films on public opinion in Nigeria, focusing on audience exposure, perceived influence, and persuasive content elements. The study adopted the Social Learning Theory and explored how repeated exposure to short-form video content contributes to attitude formation and perception shaping. A quantitative research design was adopted using an online survey method. Through purposive sampling, 101 valid responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings from the study revealed high exposure to viral short films, with the majority of respondents watching such content daily. TikTok, Facebook, and Instagram emerged as the most frequently used platforms. A significant proportion of respondents perceived viral short films as influential in shaping opinions, particularly in areas of entertainment, education, health, and social issues. Storytelling, humor, and emotional appeal were identified as the most persuasive elements. Although fewer respondents reported directly changing their opinions after viewing viral content, the overall findings suggest that influence operates subtly through reinforcement, modeling, and normalization of perspectives. The study concludes that viral short films function as powerful digital communication tools within Nigeria’s media ecosystem, capable of shaping public perceptions through emotionally engaging and relatable narratives. The research recommends the need for responsible content creation, strengthened media literacy, and further longitudinal studies to assess long-term effects on public opinion formation.
Reimagining Education in Crisis Zones: Evaluating Remote Learning as a Sustainable Alternative in Insecurity Affected Communities
In many parts of North-Western and North-Central geopolitical zone, armed conflict, banditry, kidnapping, and communal violence such as farmers-herders clashes frequently disrupt school systems. Recurring attacks on schools have forced closures, displaced learners, and cause a decline in educational outcomes. This paper examines remote learning as a sustainable alternative for ensuring educational continuity in insecurity-affected communities. Using a qualitative approach based on secondary data, policy reviews, and case-based analysis, the study evaluates the efficiency, obstacles, and long-term possibility of remote learning in crisis contexts. Findings reveal that while remote learning enhances continuity of learning during crises or emergencies, its success is restrained by digital inequality, infrastructural deficits, and limited teacher preparedness. The paper concludes that remote learning should be integrated as a complementary resilience strategy rather than a full replacement for physical schooling. It recommends oriented investment in digital infrastructure, inclusive education policies, and capacity-building for educators to ensure equitable access.
Functional Properties and Nutrients Composition of Composite Flour from Wheat and fermented Sesame Seed and Baking cum Sensory Properties of its Bread
This study investigated the functional and nutrients composition of composite flours of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) and fermented sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) with baking and sensory properties of the bread produced from the flour samples. Wheat flour was substituted with fermented sesame seed flour (FSSF) at 10%, 20%, and 30% levels, with 100% wheat flour serving as control and the samples were tagged as A, B, C and D, respectively. The functional and nutrients and anti-nutrient composition of the composite flour samples were determined. The baking and sensory properties of the bread produced from the flour samples were determined. The protein (14.65-16.53%) and fat (11.00 -11.75%) contents were significantly higher compared to control (protein: 12.68%, fat: 2.25%). Also, increased ash and crude fibre but reduced carbohydrate contents was observed. Water absorption capacity (WAC) ranged from 3.84 to 4.17 g/ml, and oil absorption capacity (OAC) from 3.67 to 3.80 g/ml. The composite flours maintain desirable baking qualities. Mineral composition indicated higher copper (up to 1.258 mg/kg) and iron (up to 2.892 mg/kg) levels in composite samples compared to control. Sensory evaluation demonstrated that bread with 10% FSSF (sample C) achieved the highest scores for colour (5.30), taste (5.58), texture (4.42), and overall acceptability (5.17), followed by the 20% blend (sample B), while 100% wheat bread had the lowest sensory ratings. Based on the findings revealed, the study concludes that fermented sesame-wheat composite bread offers a viable, nutrient-enriched alternative to conventional wheat bread, with potential applications in enhancing dietary diversity and combating micronutrient deficiencies and reduce wheat dependent.
Assessing the Pattern of Forest Resources Consumption and Biodiversity Conservation Among Rural Dwellers in Cross River State, Nigeria
This study investigated the assessment of the pattern of forest resources consumption and biodiversity conservation among rural dwellers in Cross River State, Nigeria. Three research hypotheses were formulated and tested at .05 level of significance. The study adopted the descriptive research design with population of 73,755 registered farmers in Cross River State. A sample of 499 was used through multi stage technique. The instrument titled ‘Pattern of Forest Resource Consumption and Biodiversity Conservation among Rural Dwellers Questionnaire (PFRCABCARDQ) used for data collection was a structured questionnaire by the researchers which was subjected to validity test by two (2) experts in Test and Measurement Unit, Educational Foundation Department, University of Calabar, Calabar. Cronbach alpha method was utilized to establish the reliability which ranged from .62 to 75%. Simple and multiple regressions statistical tool was used in testing the hypotheses. The result obtained from the data analysis revealed that logging activities, methods of harvesting non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and Hunting practices were significant predictor of biodiversity among rural dwellers. From the findings it was recommended amongst others that conservation agencies should collaborate with traditional institutions to ensure that forests are properly maintained in the communities.
Impact of Security Management Practices on Customers' Satisfaction in the Hotel Industry in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria
The study investigated the impact of security management practices on customers' satisfaction in the hotel industry in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study determined the influence of security practices on customers’ satisfaction in hotel industry in Asaba; and the improved hotel security management practices to be adopted in hotel industry in Asaba. The study was guided by two research questions and two null hypotheses in line with the specific purposes. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study was 1,500 respondents, which made up of 133 hotel management staff, 982 hotel employees and 385 hotel guests from thirty-two (32) registered hotels in Asaba. A sample size 316, comprising 79 hotel management staff, 126 hotel employees and 111 hotel customers/guests from the 32 registered hotels in Asaba were studied. A mixed sampling technique involving proportionate sampling, simple random sampling and accidental sampling techniques was adopted. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire was face-validated by five experts. The reliability of the instrument was tested using Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient, and it yielded 0.85 reliability coefficient index. Data collection was carried out by the researcher with the help of three research assistants. Data collected from the study were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, and one-way ANOVA. The findings revealed fifteen (15) influences of security management practices on customers’ satisfaction in hotel industry in Asaba, Delta State; they are: strong security measures foster trust between guests and the hotel, leading to a more positive overall experience; when guests feel secure, they perceive higher value in their stay, which enhances satisfaction; efficient security management reduces guest anxiety about potential risks among others. The findings also identified twenty-two (22) improved hotel security practices to be adopted in hotel industry in Asaba, Delta State; they are: utilizing facial recognition technology for guest check-in, installing smart locks with remote access control, the use of AI-powered surveillance cameras for real-time monitoring, using drones for perimeter security and surveillance among others. Based on the findings, it was concluded that hotel industry's commitment to prioritizing security management directly correlates with heightened customer satisfaction, which ultimately contributes to business success through repeat patronage and positive word-of-mouth referrals. The study recommended among others that hotels should adopt state-of-the-art surveillance technologies, such as CCTV cameras and motion sensors, to monitor hotel premises continuously.
The Untold Stories of the Demised: Eschatological Narratives in Ahmed Yerima’s Tafida and Other Plays
The “The Untold Stories of the Demised in Ahmed Yerima’s Tafida and Other Plays” unlocks the mysteries surrounding the existence of the dead in the realm of the spirit. In African tradition, the dead as assumed by the living are not totally alienated from the discourse of the living. Recent research has shown that little or no research has been done on the activities of those in the realm of the spirits using the selected play texts. Thus, this research fills that gap created by scholarship. This paper adopts a textual approach to ascertain the veracity of the claim that the dead do not have eyes and ears to see and hear. This research is guided by the trauma theory and unfolds the wounds and pains associated with the demise of loved ones. The lacuna created by the deceased necessitated this research. The research finds out that the dead are active participants in the affairs of the living and concludes that the dead see themselves as stakeholders of unity in diversity.
Levirate marriage in Ray Amadi’s The trials of a widow and Akachi Ezeigbo’s The last of the strong ones
This paper interrogates the concept of levirate marriage (inheriting the wife of a deceased) as an age-long practice in Africa in general, and Igbo land in particular with its origin from the Jewish culture and religion. The Jews practised levirate marriage as a way of producing an heir; this is completely different from what is obtainable in Africa. What gave rise to this paper is the extra burden women carry when inherited by their deceased husband’s relatives. Using Ray Amadi’s The trials of a widow and Akachi Ezeigbo’s The last of the strong ones, this paper notes that while the male writer portrays the practice in a positive light, the female writer rejects it in all ramifications. Applying the qualitative research method, this paper engages in a critical textual analysis of the primary texts, drawing insights from other related literary texts, as well as several other relevant scholarly articles. Adopting the feminist theory, this paper deconstructs and subverts the practice as limiting and asphyxiating to the female gender. The paper concludes that levirate marriage is a patriarchal agenda to oppress, confine and subjugate the woman into docility and subservience and domestic space therefore, African women should reject and resist the practice, and be free to express their individuality and sexuality
Grassroots Development Strategies and Rural Dwellers Wellbeing: The Women-centered Approach in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria.
The study examined development strategies and rural dwellers wellbeing, from the perspective of women in Southern Senatorial District of Cross River, Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined local women strategies in the areas of initiating vocational skill acquisition for small scale enterprises and encouraging membership in the cooperative society and their impact on wellbeing of rural dwellers. The quantitative and qualitative survey design were adopted. A 16-item questionnaire complemented by a 10-item Focus Group Discussion (FGD) Guide. With the aid of Taro Yamene (1967) the sample size of the study (for both quantitative and qualitative) was 1,648 from the population of 579,087 adult rural women selected through multistage sampling technique in the Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State. The generated data were tested using descriptive and parametric statistic using ANOVA and Independent t-Test. The result revealed among others that women development strategies of vocational skills acquisition for small enterprises and membership in cooperative significantly impacts on the wellbeing of rural dwellers. It was concluded that grassroots women-initiated development strategies enhanced the wellbeing of rural dwellers. The study recommended that more rural dwellers should be encouraged to engage in small scale and medium enterprises in order to foster their wellbeing.
Rethinking Sustainable Development in the Digital Age: A Critical Examination of the Environmental and Social Impacts of Digital Technologies
Currently, digital technologies are influencing the production and consumption of society, as well as its education, governance, and care. They also have an impact on our material and energy landscape: the data centres that power our electricity, the mobile networks that connect our devices, and the minerals that are essential to smartphone and computer production. This article delves into the environmental and social implications of digitalisation and explores what is needed to achieve a "sustainable digital age. The paper draws on recent research on electricity and water usage in data centres and AI and material footprint, embodied emissions and end-of-life effects of devices. It also tackles long-standing socioeconomic inequities such as unequal connectivity, a laboured and unstable workforce, and exposure to toxic e-waste. This article compares these risks to real sustainability advantages, such as reduced travel emissions from telemedicine and progress in precision agriculture enabled by digital technology, and identifies rebound effects that could offset the efficiency improvements. The paper then reviews policy options, such as the European Union's Right to Repair Directive and international digital governance rules for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It advocates a pragmatic agenda centred on sustainable-by-design digital ecosystems, such as adopting science-based limits on water and power consumption in computing, extending the useful life of devices, etc. The study concludes that while the digital age in Nigeria has great potential, it comes at a high cost to the environment and society, including e-waste, energy-intensive data centres, the unending digital divide and exploitative supply chains. It, among others, called for a Nigerian Right to Repair Policy.
Effects of Multiple Intelligence Teacher Approach on Students’ Interest and Achievement in Environmental Education Contents in Geography in Senior Secondary School in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria
The study investigated the effect of multiple intelligence teacher approach on students’ interest and achievement in Environmental Education contents in Geography in senior secondary school Nsukka Education Zone Enugu State, Nigeria. The study was guided by four research questions and four null hypotheses. The study adopted quasi experimental research design. The population of the study consists of 1552 senior secondary Two (SS2) students offering Geography in the 59 public secondary schools in Nsukka Education zone of Enugu State. Sample size for the study was 108 (48 males and 60 females) students in two SS2 intact classes drawn from two co-educational public secondary schools in the zone. The instrument used for data collection included Geography achievement test and Geography interest scale developed by the researcher. The GAT and GIS was validated by three experts, two from Geography and Environmental Education unit and one from Measurement and Evaluation Unit all from University of Nigeria Nsukka. The reliability estimate of the GAT was established using Kuder-Richardson (KR20). The reliability coefficient Index obtained was 0.81. Also, internal consistency estimate for the GIS was done using Cronbach Alpha and Correlational Coefficient index obtained was 0.72. Data generated from the pre-tests and post-test were analyzed using mean and standard deviation in answering the research questions while ANCOVA was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05level of significance. The study found that multiple intelligence approach is effective in increasing students’ interest and achievement in EE contents in senior secondary school Geography in Nsukka Education Zone. Based on these findings, the study recommended that teachers should adopt multiple intelligence approach in teaching Environmental Education contents in senior secondary school Geography classroom.
Impact of FADAMA Agricultural Training Programmes on Food Security in Boki Local Government Area of Cross River State.
The study examined the impact of FADAMA agricultural training programmes on food security in the Boki Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria, with an emphasis on farmers’ knowledge and rural road access. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, and a sample size of 400 was determined using the Taro Yamane formula, with 368 valid responses representing a 92% response rate with a population of 300,611. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test at the 0.05 level of significance with SPSS version 27. Findings revealed a significant relationship between participation in the FADAMA programme and improved agricultural knowledge among farmers (χ2 = 4.11, p < 0.05). However, no significant relationship was found between the programme and improvement in rural road access (χ2 = 0.52, p > 0.05). The study concludes that the FADAMA programme contributes to food security primarily through capacity building rather than infrastructural development. It recommends sustained investment in farmer training and extension services, alongside improved funding for rural road infrastructure to enhance market access and agricultural productivity.
Fiscal Deficit, Inflation, and Currency Instability: Identifying Transmission Mechanism in Nigeria
This study investigates the transmission mechanisms linking fiscal deficit, inflation, and currency instability in Nigeria from 1981 to 2025. Anchored on the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level and the Monetary Approach to Exchange Rates, a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) framework was employed to analyze these dynamics. Unit root tests confirmed variables are integrated of mixed order, validating the use of differenced data for robust inference. The SVAR estimation results reveal that fiscal deficits significantly drive exchange rate depreciation, with a coefficient of 0.452 (p<0.01). Inflation acts as a critical mediating variable; fiscal expansions fuel domestic price levels (coefficient 0.523, p<0.0I), which subsequently erode the Naira's purchasing power. While oil price volatility remains a significant external shock, variance decomposition indicates that over half of the forecast error variance in exchange rates is attributable to structural shocks from fiscal deficits and inflation. These findings confirm that fiscal indiscipline and deficit monetization are central to Nigeria's chronic exchange rate instability. The analysis established inflation as a critical mediating variable; fiscal expansions fuel domestic price levels, which subsequently erode the purchasing power of the Naira, leading to rapid depreciation. Consequently, this study recommends urgent fiscal consolidation to reduce the primary deficit-to-GDP ratio through enhanced non-oil revenue generation and reduced recurrent expenditure. Crucially, the Central Bank of Nigeria must curtail deficit monetization and maintain an independent, tight monetary policy focused on inflation targeting. By anchoring inflation expectations and accelerating economic diversification away from crude oil dependence, policymakers can mitigate pass-through effects and restore confidence in the Naira. Addressing these root causes is essential for achieving sustainable macroeconomic stability and breaking the cycle of currency depreciation.
Exploring the Role of Digital Resources in Enhancing the Teaching and Learning of Biology in Secondary Schools in Cross River States, Nigeria.
The study explored the role of digital resources in enhancing the teaching and learning of Biology in secondary schools in Cross River States, Nigeria. The study was guided by three objectives, three research questions and three null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research was adopted and it was conducted in Cross River State, Nigeria. The population for the study was 105 Biology teachers selected from 60 secondary schools (both public and private) in the three education zones (Calabar, Ikom, and Ogoja) in Cross River State and studied. Structured questionnaire consisting of 33 items were used for data collection. The instrument was face validated by three experts. Cronbach alpha reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument and it yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.84. Data collection was done by the researcher and three research assistants. Data analysis was carried using mean, standard deviation and ANOVA. The results revealed 10 digital resources that can be used for teaching and learning Biology in secondary schools; twelve (12) impacts of digital resources in enhancing student learning outcomes in Biology in secondary schools; and 10 challenges militating against the use of digital resources for teaching and learning Biology in secondary schools in Cross River State among others. Based on the findings, the study concluded that there is a need for targeted interventions to improve the access and use of digital resources in teaching Biology, ultimately leading to better educational outcomes for students. It was recommended among others that government should invest in the necessary digital infrastructure, such as reliable electricity and internet services, to support effective use of digital resources in secondary schools.
Influence of Public Finance and Economic Development in Nigeria and Cameroon
The recent economic challenges in both countries, particularly in terms of dwindling oil revenues and rising inflation, especially in Nigeria's oil-dependent economy, highlight the need for effective public finance management. However, the interplay between public finance and economic development has been complex, affecting the human development index, exchange rate, and regional integration. This study investigates the influence of public finance on economic development in Nigeria and Cameroon. It examines the impact of government revenue, government expenditure, policy differences, and inflation rate on GDP growth and unemployment rate. The study adopts a correlational research design. It sampled 395 respondents across Nigeria and Cameroon using stratified random and purposive sampling techniques. Data were obtained using a Public Finance and Economic Development Questionnaire (PFEDQ) and Economic Development and Public Finance Survey (EDPFS). Data were analyzed using simple linear regression to test the hypothesis. Hypothetical analysis and results indicated a statistical connection between public finance and economic development, human development index, unemployment rate, GDP per capita, exchange rate, inflation rate, regional integration, trade openness, and public debt in Nigeria and Cameroon. In conclusion, effective public finance management significantly drove economic development in Nigeria and Cameroon, requiring prudent fiscal policies and institutional strengthening.
Effect of Project-Based Instructional Method on Senior Secondary Students’ Academic Performance in Narrative Essay Writing in Calabar Education Zone, Cross River State, Nigeria.
This study investigated the effects of project-based instructional method on senior secondary students’ academic performance in English language narrative essay writing in Calabar Education Zone of Cross River State. Two research questions guided the study, while two null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 95% confidence level. The study adopted a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used for the study. The sample size comprised 259 respondents from the population of 6,216. Narrative Essay Writing Performance Test (NEWPT) was used to elicit data from the respondents. The reliability of the instrument was estimated using Kendall’s coefficient of concordance, which yielded a reliability coefficient of .80. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses. Results of the study revealed that project-based instructional method had effect on students’ academic performance in English language narrative essay writing.
Impact of Technological Models on Agricultural Educators’ Adoption of Innovative Tools in
This study investigates the influence of technological theoretical models on agricultural educators’ (AEs) use of innovative educational technology tools in promoting agricultural education in North-Central Nigeria. The rapid integration of digital tools such as mobile applications, virtual learning systems, and online extension platforms has created new opportunities for enhancing the quality of agricultural instruction. However, the extent to which AEs adopt and effectively utilize these technologies remains dependent on key theoretical determinants. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, the study examines perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, compatibility, and trialability as predictors of AEs’ utilization of educational technological tools. The study was directed by five specific objectives, addressed five research questions, and tested three hypotheses. A correlational research design was employed, involving lecturers of agriculture from universities and the College of Education in North Central. Census sampling techniques were employed for the study. The study population consists of 73 lecturers of agricultural education in North Central. A structured 82-item questionnaire titled Technological Models Questionnaire (TAQ)” was developed by the researchers and validated by three subject matter experts. A pilot test was administered to determine reliability using the Cronbach alpha techniques, yielding a coefficient of 0.87. The data for the study were collected and analyzed using mean, correlation, and regression statistics. The findings revealed a moderate level of technology acceptance among AEs and low practical utilization. The study recommended that capacity building in digital technology and continuous professional development should be organized for AEs.
Health Impact of Solar Energy Use Calabar Municipality, Cross River State. in the Environment Among Residents of Big Qua Town,
This study investigated the health impact of solar energy use in the environment among residents of Big Qua Town, Cross River State. One major hypothesis was formulated and literature review of relevant works were consulted while the theoretical frame work explored, considered and anchored on, was The Social Impact (SIT) theory by Bibb Latane. The descriptive research design was adopted for this study and the instrument used for data collection was a self-designed structured 10-item questionnaire with two sections titled Health Impact of Solar Energy Usage Questionnaire (HISEUQ) and administered to a total of 316 residents out of a population of 63,100 residents of Big Qua Town in which 315 were returned as valid and used for the analysis. The proportionate random sampling technique was used for this study with a purposive sample of 0.5% of estimated population which is 316. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was the statistical tool used to analyse the hypothesis and the results at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that health impact significantly influenced energy usage of residents of Big Qua Town, Calabar Municipality in Cross River State and that the potential benefits of health impact of solar energy usage far outweighs the negative health impact that may be associated with solar energy usage. Based on the findings, it was recommended that more persons should be encouraged to use solar energy as it is more health-friendly than other energy sources.
Artificial Intelligence and the Re-Engineering of Social Values in African Societies
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a powerful socio-technical force reshaping norms, institutions, and moral reasoning across contemporary societies. In African contexts, where social life is traditionally grounded in communalism, relational identity, moral responsibility, and respect for authority, the growing integration of AI-driven systems raises critical questions about value transformation and cultural continuity. This paper critically examines how Artificial Intelligence contributes to the re-engineering of social values in African societies, focusing on its implications for communal ethics, authority structures, identity formation, media practices, and social inequality. Anchored on Technological Determinism, the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT), and African Humanist Philosophy (Ubuntu), the study adopts a qualitative and theoretical approach, drawing insights from sociology, philosophy, media studies, and science and technology studies. The paper argues that while AI-driven technologies often promote individualism, algorithmic authority, and cultural homogenization, they also possess the capacity to reinforce African social values when guided by culturally responsive design, ethical governance, and participatory frameworks. The study concludes that aligning AI development with African philosophical traditions is essential for ensuring that technological innovation supports social cohesion, human dignity, and sustainable development rather than undermining them.
Climate Justice for All: Including Disability Conservation Initiatives
Climate justice debates often overlook the rights and needs of persons with disabilities, despite evidence that climate change disproportionately affects them. This opinion paper argues that climate justice cannot be achieved without the intentional inclusion of persons with disabilities in conservation and climate-action initiatives. It highlights barriers faced by persons with disabilities during climate-related disasters, such as inaccessible evacuation routes, communication gaps, and exclusion from policy dialogues. The paper contends that disability inclusion is not an act of charity but a matter of social and environmental justice grounded in human rights principles, particularly the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. It proposes practical strategies for disability-inclusive conservation, including accessible infrastructure, inclusive communication formats, participation of disabled persons’ organizations, and the integration of disability considerations into disaster risk reduction and green-economy programs. The article concludes that meaningful climate justice must ensure the participation, protection, and empowerment of persons with disabilities so that conservation efforts truly benefit all members of society.
Comparative Effect of Flipped Classroom, Problem-Based and Lecture Teaching Methods on Students' Academic Achievement and Interest in Agricultural Mathematics in Colleges of Education, Northwest Nigeria
This study determined the Comparative Effects of Flipped Classroom (FC), Problem-based (PB) and Lecture teaching methods on students' academic achievement and interest in Agricultural Mathematics in Colleges of Education in Northwest Nigeria. The researcher developed three research objectives, formulated three research questions and three null hypotheses that guided the study. The study adopted a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test non-equivalent group design, using three intact classes across three public Colleges of Education. The population for the study was 771 (466 males and 305 females) NCE 1 students in Department of Agricultural Education in 12 Colleges of Education in Northwest Nigeria. 131 NCE I Agricultural Education students made up of 80 males and 51 females participated in the study. Two instruments, the Agricultural Mathematics Achievement Test (AMAT) and the Agricultural Mathematics Interest Inventory Questionnaire (AMIIQ), were developed, validated by experts, and trial-tested. The experimental procedure began with the preparation of a standardized lesson plan by the researcher, designed for use by regular agricultural mathematics lecturers during their normal class schedules. Participants were divided into three groups: Experimental Group I (flipped classroom method), Experimental Group II (problem-based method), and a control group (traditional lecture method). A pre-test was administered a week before the experiment to determine baseline knowledge. The experiment lasted nine weeks. Several measures were taken to control extraneous variables and initial group differences were adjusted using ANCOVA. Data collection involved administering the Agricultural Mathematics Achievement Test (AMAT) and the Agricultural Mathematics Interest Inventory Questionnaire (AMIIQ) before and after the experiment. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA, Mean and Standard Deviation. Findings revealed that gender had no significant effect on achievement or retention, though male students showed slightly greater gains under FC and PB, and females performed marginally better with lecture method. A small but significant difference was found between gender and teaching methods in relation to interest. The study concluded that FC and PB can substantially improve academic achievement and knowledge retention in Agricultural Mathematics in teacher training institutions regardless of gender, among others. It recommends that professional development for educators, the inclusion of Flipped Classroom and Problem-based teaching methods to accommodate gender-based learning preferences, and investment in technological infrastructure to support the effective implementation of modern teaching methods.
Comparative Evaluation of Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on the Growth Rate and Adaptability of Asian Eggplant in Nsukka
The study adopted experimental research design, specifically randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental research design is appropriate for this study because it deals with observing phenomenon and taking record of the necessary parameters. The experiment was conducted at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka research farm, within the Agricultural Education Department, Faculty of Vocational and Technical Education. Geographically, Nsukka while the second location of the experiment was located at Ohom Orba in Udenu Local Government Area of Enugu State. The population for the study was 120 stands of Asian egg plants. There wo locations with control group and each of them was replicated three times. The sample size for the study was 90 seeds of Asian egg plants. Purposive sampling techniques were used to select 90 healthy Asian egg plants seeds used for the study. Recording templates was developed by the researcher to capture data on leaf size, plant height, and seed emergence, among other variables. The instrument for data collection was subjected to face validation by two experts. One expert from the Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, and the other from the Department of Agricultural Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, were reviewed the instrument to ensure that the items align with the study's purpose and research questions. The experts' feedback and suggestions were incorporated to produce the final draft of the instrument. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Findings indicated that Asian eggplant partially adapted to environment with organic manure enhancing more adaptability that the inorganic manure or the control group.
Influence of Teaching Practice on Student Teachers' Educational and Occupational Development in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State.
This research study investigated the influence of teaching practice on student teachers’ educational and occupational development in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State. Two research hypotheses were formulated to direct the study in line with the purpose of the study. The study adopted survey research design. The study population consisted of all 312 student teachers from the Department of Curriculum and Teaching who served in public secondary schools within Calabar Metropolis during their teaching practice exercise (2023/2024). The study sample comprisesd 123 student-teacher respondents drawn from the 24 public secondary schools across Calabar Municipal and Calabar South Local Government Areas. A multi-stage sampling approach involving proportionate and accidental sampling techniques was employed to obtain a representative sample from the study population. The instrument used for data collection in this study was a questionnaire titled "Teaching Practice Influence Assessment Questionnaire (TPIAQ)" The face and content validity were carried out by expert in Department of Curriculum and Teaching and Measurement and Evaluation Department, both in the University of Calabar. The reliability od the instrument was equally established with coefficient ranging from .85–.91 using the Cronbach Alpha reliability approach. The researcher administered the researcher administered the instrument personally to the respondents. For data analysis, simple linear regression was used. The findings indicated a significant relationship among teaching practice experience, student teachers' educational development, and their occupational development while serving in public secondary schools in Calabar Metropolis. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that teaching practice programs in Calabar Metropolis be strengthened by the Ministry of Education to provide more structured classroom exposure, adequate supervision, and professional mentoring to enhance student teachers' educational growth and future career readiness.
Impact of Peer Group on Civic Responsibility among Students in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State
This study investigates the impact of peer group on civic responsibility among students in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State. Civic responsibility among youths is crucial for sustainable development and democratic growth. However, peer group influence has been identified as a key factor shaping students’ civic attitudes and behaviors. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The target population comprised all senior secondary school students in public and private schools within the area, totaling approximately 6,500 students. While a sample of 200 senior secondary school students was selected using stratified random sampling across public and private schools. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed a significant relationship between peer group influence and students’ civic responsibility. Recommendations were made for schools, parents, and policymakers to promote positive peer interaction to enhance students’ civic consciousness.
Role of Agritourism in Mitigating Poverty Among Rural Households in Nigeria Cross River State,
This study examined the role of agritourism in poverty reduction among rural households in Cross River State, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 997 respondents. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and a logistic regression model. The results showed that on-farm markets/shopping (x̅= 1.79), garden tours (x̅= 1.78), and winery tours and natural wine tasting on farms (x̅= 1.77) were among the most highly ranked agritourism activities in the study area. Agritourism was found to contribute primarily to job creation and income generation (1st), increased market opportunities for farm produce (2nd), and farmer education (3rd). The logistic regression results indicated that age, level of education, and years of farming experience were significantly related to participation in agritourism (p < 0.05). The study concluded that agritourism plays a significant role in reducing rural poverty. It therefore recommended that government provide adequate credit facilities and incentives to rural farmers to enhance productive capacity and promote agritourism development.
Access to Technology and Classroom Management as Predictors of Students’ Academic Engagement in Geography in Obubra, Cross River State, Nigeria: Implications for Economics Education
The purpose of this study was to investigate access to technology and classroom management as predictors of students' academic engagement in geography in Obubra, Cross River State: Implications for Economics Education. This study adopted a correlational survey research design. Three null hypotheses guided the study. The study population comprised 758 (382 girls and 376 boys) senior secondary two (SSII) geography students from all 19 state-owned secondary schools in Obubra in the 2024/2025 academic session. A sample of two hundred (200) respondents was randomly selected for the study using a simple random sampling technique. Two researcher-developed instruments, tagged 'Access to Technology and Classroom Management Questionnaire (ATCMQ)' and 'Students' Geography Engagement Scale (SGES)', were used for data collection. The instruments were subjected to face validity by an expert in Geography Education and two experts in measurement and evaluation in the College of Education, University of Calabar. The instruments' reliability estimates were established using Cronbach's alpha. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses at the .05 level of significance. The analysis, among others, revealed that access to technology significantly predicts students' academic engagement in Geography. Based on the study's findings, it was recommended that governments and school management ensure sustainable, equitable access to reliable internet, electricity, and up-to-date devices, especially in rural and underserved areas.
Impact of Forest Management Strategies on the Sustainability of Forest Resources in t Calabar Education Zone, Cross River State, Nigeria. he
This study examined the Impact of Forest Management Strategies on the Sustainability of Forest Resources in the Calabar Education Zone, Cross River State. Correlational research design was adopted and two research hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study comprised 312,149 regular household heads in Calabar Education Zone (Central Senatorial District) of Cross River State. The sample for the study comprised 1,230 household heads from the four Local Government Areas. Multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted for the study. Instrument tagged “Forest Management Strategies and Sustainability of Forest Resources Questionnaire (FMSSFRQ)” was used for data collection. Two experts in the department of Measurement and Evaluation, University of Calabar validated the instrument. To ascertain the reliability of the instruments, Cronbach alpha reliability method was used. The reliability coefficient estimates realized from the result were within the range of .78 to .90. Simple Linear Regression analysis and Multiple Linear Regression analysis were used for data analysis. The results of the analysis revealed that forest regulation strategy, participatory forest management strategy relatively and jointly contributed to sustainability of forest resources in Calabar Education Zone of Cross River State. Based on this result, it was concluded that to maintain sustainable forest ecosystem in the Zone, pragmatic measures must be put in place to enhance the level of forest management in forest communities. It was recommended among others, that adequate forest regulatory measures should be put in place and adequately enforced by forest agencies, community members should be involved.
Assessing the Implementation of Out-of-School Children's Curriculum in Cross River State: A Pathway to National Development
The study investigated the implementation of the Out-of-School Children (OSC) curriculum in Cross River State: A pathway to national development. Two specific objectives guided the study. Two null hypotheses were formulated in line with the study's specific objectives. A descriptive survey research design was employed in the study. The population consisted 14,124 school dropouts involved in OSC programmes in Cross River State. A sample size of 201 school dropouts in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State was selected using stratified random sampling technique. The research instrument used in the study was a questionnaire termed "Out-of-School Curriculum Questionnaire" (OSCQ). To assess the instrument's reliability, the questionnaire was pilot-tested using Cronbach's alpha. The instrument's average reliability estimate is .83. The collected data were analysed using independent t-tests and simple linear regression. The findings revealed that there is a significant difference in the implementation of the Out-of-School Children curriculum across different local government areas in Cross River State. Also, it was observed that there is no significant relationship between the implementation of the OSC curriculum and national development indicators (e.g., literacy rate, skill acquisition, poverty reduction) in Cross River State. The researcher therefore concluded that the implementation of the Out-of-School Children (OSC) curriculum varies significantly across local government areas in Cross River State. The study also established a substantial relationship between effective OSC curriculum implementation and key national development indicators such as literacy improvement, skill acquisition, and poverty reduction in the state. Based on the results, the study recommended, among other things, that the government of Cross River State provide adequate funding and resources to support the effective implementation of the Out-of-School Children curriculum.